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Preliminary design of an SCO conversion system applied to the sodium cooled fast reactor

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期   页码 832-841 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0777-5

摘要： The supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2) Brayton cycle has become an ideal power conversion system for sodium-cooled fast reactors (SFR) due to its high efficiency, compactness, and avoidance of sodium-water reaction. In this paper, the 1200 MWe large pool SFR (CFR1200) is used as the heat source of the system, and the sodium circuit temperature and the heat load are the operating boundaries of the cycle system. The performance of different SCO2 Brayton cycle systems and changes in key equipment performance are compared. The study indicates that the inter-stage cooling and recompression cycle has the best match with the heat source characte-ristics of the SFR, and the cycle efficiency is the highest (40.7%). Then, based on the developed system transient analysis program (FR-Sdaso), a pool-type SFR power plant system analysis model based on the inter-stage cooling and recompression cycle is established. In addition, the matching between the inter-stage cooling recompression cycle and the SFR during the load cycle of the power plant is studied. The analysis shows that when the nuclear island adopts the flow-advanced operation strategy and the carbon dioxide flowrate in the SCO2 power conversion system is adjusted with the goal of maintaining the sodium-carbon dioxide heat exchanger sodium side outlet temperature unchanged, the inter-stage cooling recompression cycle can match the operation of the SFR very well.

关键词： sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR)     supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2)     brayton cycle     load cycle    

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下一代太阳能光热电站中熔融氯盐技术研发进展 Review

丁文进, Thomas Bauer

《工程（英文）》 2021年 第7卷 第3期   页码 334-347 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.06.027

摘要： 本文首先介绍了下一代CSP技术及其储热技术的研发进展，之后重点介绍了基于熔融氯盐（如MgCl2/NaCl/KCl混合盐）的先进储热技术。MgCl2/NaCl/KCl具有与商业熔融硝酸盐相似的热物性、更高的热稳定性（> 800 ℃）和更低的材料成本（< 0.35 USD∙kg–1

关键词： 太阳能     太阳能光热发电（CSP）     热能储存（TES）     导热流体（HTF）     超临界二氧化碳动力循环     腐蚀控制    

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Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of CLA-ethyl ester

Yingdi CHEN, Peng XU, Jian CHENG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 102-106 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0536-3

摘要： Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO ) extraction of Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) ethyl ester was investigated at pressures in the range of 9 to 10.5 MPa and temperature gradients ranging from 0°C to 21°C. The content of CLA-ethyl ester in the fraction was analyzed with gas chromatography (GC). The experimental results indicated that the rate of extraction would rise with the increase of pressure when temperature gradient was given. Moreover, the extraction pressure had insignificant influence on the selectivity of CLA-ethyl ester in SC-CO . When pressure was fixed, setting certain temperature gradient can improve the selectivity of CLA-ethyl ester in SC-CO , and CLA-ethyl ester can be concentrated more effectively than without a temperature gradient. The acid value and peroxide value of the fractions were reduced obviously, compared to the raw material. The optimal condition is pressure at 10 MPa and temperature gradient at 11°C.

关键词： supercritical carbon dioxide     extraction     CLA-ethyl ester     temperature gradient    

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Experimental study on heat transfer characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide in horizontal tube

LV Jing, FU Meng, QIN Na, DONG Bin

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 339-343 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0045-y

摘要： The heat transfer characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide in a horizontal tube with water in the vertical cross flow form were experimentally investigated. The results indicate that the changes of inlet pressure, mass flow rate, and cooling water flow rate have major effects on heat transfer performance. The variations of Reynolds number and Prandtl number were obtained in counter flow and vertical cross flow. The four conventional correlations for convection heat transfer of supercritical carbon dioxide were verified by the experimental data in this study and the correlation agree with this experimental condition was determined.

关键词： conventional     experimental condition     vertical     Reynolds number     transfer    

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Formation of reverse micelles in supercritical carbon dioxide and its thermodynamics

WEN Zhen, DANG Zhi, ZHU Zhixin, ZONG Minhua

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 283-286 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0051-3

摘要： The solubilization behavior of methyl orange as a solvation probe in multiple systems composed of supercritical carbon dioxide, surfactants and co-solvents, is studied. It is concluded that some surfactants, such as sodium bis-(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) and isooctyl phenol polyethoxylate (TX-10), could form reverse micelles in supercritical carbon dioxide under the action of butanol. The formation of reverse micelles is a spontaneous process thermodynamically. Specifically for the nonionic surfactant TX-10, the formation of reverse micelles is dependent on the entropy increase in the system, while for the anionic surfactant AOT, the micellization is mainly dominated by the increase in enthalpy at higher temperatures, but by the increase in entropy at lower temperatures.

关键词： micellization     surfactant AOT     TX-10     sulfosuccinate     solubilization    

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Scale up of reactors for carbon dioxide reduction

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 116-122 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2178-7

摘要： In recent times there has been a great deal of interest in the conversion of carbon dioxide into more useful chemical compounds. On the other hand, the translation of these developments in electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide from the laboratory bench to practical scale remains an underexplored topic. Here we examine some of the major challenges, demonstrating some promising strategies towards such scale-up, including increased electrode area and stacking of electrode pairs in different configurations. We observed that increasing the electrode area from 1 to 10 cm2 led to only a 4% drop in current density, with similarly small penalties realised when stacking sub-cells together.

关键词： CO2 reduction     electrochemical cell     electrosynthesis     upscaling    

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Methanation of carbon dioxide: an overview

Wei WANG, Jinlong GONG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 2-10 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0528-3

摘要： Although being very challenging, utilization of carbon dioxide (CO ) originating from production processes and flue gases of CO -intensive sectors has a great environmental and industrial potential due to improving the resource efficiency of industry as well as by contributing to the reduction of CO emissions. As a renewable and environmentally friendly source of carbon, catalytic approaches for CO fixation in the synthesis of chemicals offer the way to mitigate the increasing CO buildup. Among the catalytic reactions, methanation of CO is a particularly promising technique for producing energy carrier or chemical. This article focuses on recent developments in catalytic materials, novel reactors, and reaction mechanism for methanation of CO .

关键词： CO2 methanation     hydrogenation     catalysis     methane     environmental science    

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An extraction- assay system: Evaluation on flavonols in plant resistance to Pb and Cd by supercritical

Xu Zhang, Huanhuan Yang, Xinlei Wang, Wen Song, Zhaojie Cui

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1059-2

摘要：

SFE-GC system is established for flavonols assessment.

Optimal parameters of SFE-GC are evaluated and determined.

Quercetin and kaempferol are detected in plant under heavy metal stress.

Gene expression analysis shows consistent regularity with content of flavonols.

ROS level is applied for elaborating the plant resistance status.

关键词： Flavonols     Heavy metal     Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SFE)     GC     Plant resistance    

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Decomposition analysis of energy-related carbon dioxide emissions in the iron and steel industry in China

Wenqiang SUN, Jiuju CAI, Hai YU, Lei DAI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 265-270 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0284-8

摘要： This work aims to identify the main factors influencing the energy-related carbon dioxide (CO ) emissions from the iron and steel industry in China during the period of 1995–2007. The logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI) technique was applied with period-wise analysis and time-series analysis. Changes in energy-related CO emissions were decomposed into four factors: emission factor effect, energy structure effect, energy consumption effect, and the steel production effect. The results show that steel production is the major factor responsible for the rise in CO emissions during the sampling period; on the other hand the energy consumption is the largest contributor to the decrease in CO emissions. To a lesser extent, the emission factor and energy structure effects have both negative and positive contributions to CO emissions, respectively. Policy implications are provided regarding the reduction of CO emissions from the iron and steel industry in China, such as controlling the overgrowth of steel production, improving energy-saving technologies, and introducing low-carbon energy sources into the iron and steel industry.

关键词： carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions     decomposition analysis     logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI) technique     time-series analysis    

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Activated carbons and amine-modified materials for carbon dioxide capture –– a review

Zhenhe CHEN, Shubo DENG, Haoran WEI, Bin WANG, Jun HUANG, Gang YU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 326-340 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0510-7

摘要： Rapidly increasing concentration of CO in the atmosphere has drawn more and more attention in recent years, and adsorption has been considered as an effective technology for CO capture from the anthropogenic sources. In this paper, the attractive adsorbents including activated carbons and amine-modified materials were mainly reviewed and discussed with particular attention on progress in the adsorbent preparation and CO adsorption capacity. Carbon materials can be prepared from different precursors including fossil fuels, biomass and resins using the carbonization-activation or only activation process, and activated carbons prepared by KOH activation with high CO adsorbed amount were reviewed in the preparation, adsorption capacity as well as the relationship between the pore characteristics and CO adsorption. For the amine-modified materials, the physical impregnation and chemical graft of polyethylenimine (PEI) on the different porous materials were introduced in terms of preparation method and adsorption performance as well as their advantages and disadvantages for CO adsorption. In the last section, the issues and prospect of solid adsorbents for CO adsorption were summarized, and it is expected that this review will be helpful for the fundamental studies and industrial applications of activated carbons and amine-modified adsorbents for CO capture.

关键词： adsorption capacity     CO2 capture     activated carbon     amine-impregnated adsorbents    

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Renewable synthetic fuel: turning carbon dioxide back into fuel

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 145-149 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0828-6

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Investigation of carbon dioxide photoreduction process in a laboratory-scale photoreactor by computational

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第7期   页码 1149-1163 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2096-0

摘要： The production of solar fuels via the photoreduction of carbon dioxide to methane by titanium oxide is a promising process to control greenhouse gas emissions and provide alternative renewable fuels. Although several reaction mechanisms have been proposed, the detailed steps are still ambiguous, and the limiting factors are not well defined. To improve our understanding of the mechanisms of carbon dioxide photoreduction, a multiphysics model was developed using COMSOL. The novelty of this work is the computational fluid dynamic model combined with the novel carbon dioxide photoreduction intrinsic reaction kinetic model, which was built based on three-steps, namely gas adsorption, surface reactions and desorption, while the ultraviolet light intensity distribution was simulated by the Gaussian distribution model and Beer-Lambert model. The carbon dioxide photoreduction process conducted in a laboratory-scale reactor under different carbon dioxide and water moisture partial pressures was then modeled based on the intrinsic kinetic model. It was found that the simulation results for methane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen yield match the experiments in the concentration range of 10−4 mol·m–3 at the low carbon dioxide and water moisture partial pressure. Finally, the factors of adsorption site concentration, adsorption equilibrium constant, ultraviolet light intensity and temperature were evaluated.

关键词： carbon dioxide photoreduction     computational fluid dynamic simulation     kinetic model     Langmuir adsorption    

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Enhancing the aromatic selectivity of cyclohexane aromatization by CO2 coupling

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第11期   页码 1801-1808 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2325-9

摘要： Improving the aromatic selectivity in the alkane aromatization process is of great importance for its practical utilization but challenge to make because the high H/C ratio of alkanes would lead to a serious hydrogen transfer process and a large amount of light alkanes. Herein, CO2 is introduced into the cyclohexane conversion process on the HZSM-5 zeolite, which can improve the aromatic selectivity. By optimizing the reaction conditions, an improved aromatic (benzene, toluene, xylene, and C9+) selectivity of 48.2% can be obtained at the conditions of 2.7 MPa (CO2), 450 °C, and 1.7 h−1, which is better than that without CO2 (aromatic selectivity = 43.2%). In situ transmission Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra illustrate that many oxygenated chemical intermediates (e.g., carboxylic acid, anhydride, unsaturated aldehydes/ketones or ketene) would be formed during the cyclohexane conversion process in the presence of CO2. 13C isotope labeling experimental results demonstrate that CO2 can enter into the aromatics through the formation of oxygenated chemical intermediates and thereby improve the aromatic selectivity. This study may open a green, economic, and promising way to improve the aromatic selectivity for alkane aromatization process.

关键词： aromatics     carbon dioxide     aromatization     coupling reaction     ZSM-5 zeolite    

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The capture of carbon dioxide by transition metal aluminates, calcium aluminate, calcium zirconate, calcium

Ganesh TILEKAR, Kiran SHINDE, Kishor KALE, Reshma RASKAR, Abaji GAIKWAD

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第4期   页码 477-491 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1107-y

摘要： The capture of CO by transition metal (Mn, Ni, Co and Zn) aluminates, calcium aluminate, calcium zirconate, calcium silicate and lithium zirconate was carried out at pre- and post-combustion temperatures. The prepared metal adsorbents were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), surface area analysis and acidity/alkalinity measurements. The different experimental variables affecting the adsorbents ability to capture CO , such as the mol ratio of metal ions, the pressure of CO , the exposure time and the temperature of the adsorbent were also investigated. Calcium zirconate captured 13.85 wt-% CO at 650°C and 2.5 atm and calcium silicate captured 14.31 wt-% at 650°C. Molecular sieves (13X) and carbon can only capture a negligible amount of CO at high temperatures (300°C–650°C). However, the mixed metal oxides captured reasonable amount of CO at these higher temperatures. In addition, calcium aluminate, calcium zirconate, calcium silicate and lithium zirconate adsorbents captured CO at both pre and post-combustion temperatures. The trend for the amount of captured carbon dioxide over the adsorbents was calcium aluminate

关键词： captured CO2     pre-combustion temperature     characterization     calcium silicate     calcium zirconate    

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Efficient acetylene/carbon dioxide separation with excellent dynamic capacity and low regeneration energy

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》   页码 1616-1622 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2183-x

摘要： Adsorptive separation of acetylene/carbon dioxide mixtures by porous materials is an important and challenging task due to their similar sizes and physical properties. Here, remarkable acetylene/carbon dioxide separation featuring a high dynamic breakthrough capacity for acetylene (4.3 mmol·g–1) as well as an ultralow acetylene regeneration energy (29.5 kJ·mol–1) was achieved with the novel TiF62–-pillared material ZU-100 (TIFSIX-bpy-Ni). Construction of a pore structure with abundant TiF62– anion sites and pores with appropriate sizes enabled formation of acetylene clusters through hydrogen bonds and intermolecular interactions, which afforded a high acetylene capacity (8.3 mmol·g–1) and high acetylene/carbon dioxide uptake ratio (1.9) at 298 K and 1 bar. Moreover, the NbO52– anion-pillared material ZU-61 investigated for separation of acetylene/carbon dioxide. In addition, breakthrough experiments were also conducted to further confirm the excellent dynamic acetylene/carbon dioxide separation performance of ZU-100.

关键词： adsorption     acetylene/carbon dioxide separation     dynamic capacity     anion-pillared hybrid material    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Preliminary design of an SCO conversion system applied to the sodium cooled fast reactor

期刊论文

下一代太阳能光热电站中熔融氯盐技术研发进展

丁文进, Thomas Bauer

期刊论文

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of CLA-ethyl ester

Yingdi CHEN, Peng XU, Jian CHENG

期刊论文

Experimental study on heat transfer characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide in horizontal tube

LV Jing, FU Meng, QIN Na, DONG Bin

期刊论文

Formation of reverse micelles in supercritical carbon dioxide and its thermodynamics

WEN Zhen, DANG Zhi, ZHU Zhixin, ZONG Minhua

期刊论文

Scale up of reactors for carbon dioxide reduction

期刊论文

Methanation of carbon dioxide: an overview

Wei WANG, Jinlong GONG

期刊论文

An extraction- assay system: Evaluation on flavonols in plant resistance to Pb and Cd by supercritical

Xu Zhang, Huanhuan Yang, Xinlei Wang, Wen Song, Zhaojie Cui

期刊论文

Decomposition analysis of energy-related carbon dioxide emissions in the iron and steel industry in China

Wenqiang SUN, Jiuju CAI, Hai YU, Lei DAI

期刊论文

Activated carbons and amine-modified materials for carbon dioxide capture –– a review

Zhenhe CHEN, Shubo DENG, Haoran WEI, Bin WANG, Jun HUANG, Gang YU

期刊论文

Renewable synthetic fuel: turning carbon dioxide back into fuel

期刊论文

Investigation of carbon dioxide photoreduction process in a laboratory-scale photoreactor by computational

期刊论文

Enhancing the aromatic selectivity of cyclohexane aromatization by CO2 coupling

期刊论文

The capture of carbon dioxide by transition metal aluminates, calcium aluminate, calcium zirconate, calcium

Ganesh TILEKAR, Kiran SHINDE, Kishor KALE, Reshma RASKAR, Abaji GAIKWAD

期刊论文

Efficient acetylene/carbon dioxide separation with excellent dynamic capacity and low regeneration energy

期刊论文